Ages and Stages in Child Development (Learn about Piaget's theory)
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from Piaget's theory of child development: A newborns understanding is limited to direct contact with the environment and with only simple reflexes---seeing, listening, sucking, touching, crying, and movement of arms, trunk, and head. Intelligence develops as a child interacts with the environment, experiencing reactions and sensations from reflexive actions. A child begins to communicate through different cries for different needs. Around the age of 2, through experience and experimentation, an early sign of thought take place as a child becomes aware that objects do not cease to exist when they are hidden. They start to make use of imitation, memory and thought. Children will also begin to solve problems through a primitive type of creativity. from EasyChild's team: Enjoy your little ones, they are still just learning how to move and make sounds. Crying for hunger or out of discomfort from a wet diaper, this stage a child is learning to communicate their needs. But they are also starting to ask for things they want, not need. The beginning of trying to control their parents.
from Piaget's theory of child development: During this stage, children shift from interacting with their environment through senses and movement to functioning in a conceptual-symbolic mode. They can now think in symbolic form. Gradual language development begins around the age of 2, and is almost mastered by 4. They can count, but still do not really understand what numbers mean. Their communication is not yet person to person, but consists of the child’s monologue. They are able to think operations through logically in one direction, referred to Piaget as centration. Children do not yet have the ability to mentally trace a series of events or easily understand cause and effect relations. Piaget also uses the term egocentrism to describe children in this stage. Egocentrism is the inability to take on another’s point of view; children can not conceive that anyone thinks differently from themselves. Around
the ages of 6-7, or earlier if a child is constantly exposed
to other children, egocentrism will erode. Children begin to
validate their own thoughts against those of their peers. Through
maturation and experience a more sophisticated and adult-like
state of cognitive development begins to evolve.
from Piaget's theory of child development: Reasoning abilities become more developed, but now children are able to solve concrete (hands-on) problems in a logical fashion. Egocentric thinking dissolves and children learn that others have ideas and views different from their own. They begin to pay attention to the point of view of others as a way to verify their own. They understand laws of conservation and are able to classify, seriate and understand reversibility, the ability to think backward from the end to the beginning. from
EasyChild's team: This
is a great time to start with structured parenting. Kids
are still very much wanting to please their parents. Parents
are able to encourage many positive behaviors and kids are
able to be very helpful around the house. By assigning household
chores and using allowance to teach money concepts, parents
can instill values that can stick before teenage rebellion
and peer pressure starts to take a strong hold.
from
Piaget's theory of child development: From
11-15 years old, there is a progression of the developments
of new
cognitive abilities. Towards the end of the period, they have
complete conceptual and abstract thinking abilities. They can
talk about concepts, possibilities, form hypotheses and conclusions,
and use rules to solve abstract problems. During this final
stage, a new type of egocentrism emerges, which may explain
some behaviors and attitudes commonly associated with young
teens. Because of their increased cognitive abilities, they
can imagine what others may be thinking. They tend to believe
that others are thinking about them, and that they are as critical
in their thinking as the teens are of themselves. Teens often
develop concerns about social issues and their identity. As
their thinking ability has developed so does their questioning
of adult authority. They no longer view their parents as the
source of absolute truth. Early teen years are often marked
with withdrawal from their family as they step towards independence.
from
Piaget's theory of child development: According
to Piaget's theory a child operational thought should be developed
by age 16; however, each child
will move through the stages at their own pace and subject to environmental
factors that could delay progression. Parenting style could affect 18
years old and beyond |